The hormonal contraceptives change the sequence of the menstrual circle. When the pills are taken right after the menstruation, they prevent ovulation from taking place. They also alter the lining of the uterus so that it is not receptive to a fertilized egg. Finally they alter the secretions of the cervix so that they become thick and sticky. This prevents sperm from travelling upward from the vagina and entering the cavity of the uterus. Estrogen and progesterone contraceptives protects a woman from having an unwanted pregnancy in these three ways. But the woman has to remember to take a pill everyday for the protection to happen. The pill is taken everyday for 21 days and then she stops and then takes sugar pills for another seven days. There is a second type of hormonal contraceptive. This type does contain oestrogen., it contains only progestogen and do not prevent ovulation consistently but it alters the secretions of the cervix so that the sperm has difficulty in wriggling through. This contraceptive also alters the lining of the uterus so that the egg if fertilized is unable to implant itself.
Oral contraceptives is a very effective method of birth control but they do not prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS and other veneral diseases.
SIDE EFFECTS OF CONTRACEPTIVE PILLS
1. Nausea
2. Vomiting
3. Stomach cramps or bloating
4. Diarrhea
5. Constipation
6. Changes in menstrual flow
7. Breast tenderness
8.Headache
9. Weight gain
10. Irregular bleeding
11. Mood changes
12. Acne
13. Vaginal discharge
A woman should weight the advantages and disadvantages of the hormonal contraceptives and other birth control methods and then choose the one that is safest for her. Also she should report any side effect she notices to her doctor immediatelly.
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